Muslim Tunisia is home to about 1,600 Jews, most of whom live on the southern island of Djerba where its most important synagogue, reputed to be the oldest in Africa, is based and draws thousands of pilgrims every year.
The torching of a Jewish house of worship in southern Tunisia during January violence did not deliberately target the edifice, but was part of a larger attacks against the whole neighbourhood.
Tunisia's Jewish community is one of the largest Jewish in the Arab world but its numbers have dropped dramatically from a population of 100,000 at independence from France in 1956, after which the government promulgated anti-Jewish decrees.
In April 2002 a suicide bomber rammed the wall of the Djerba synagogue with a lorry laden with natural gas in an attack claimed by Al-Qaeda that killed 14 German tourists, five Tunisians and two French visitors.
They do not want peace with the Jews, but extermination.
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